AMA风格指南

一般的指导方针 为 书, 文章, 互联网资源

When using AMA Style to cite references, please keep the following in mind.

  1. All references are made at the end of the paper.
  2. References are listed in the order they appear in the text.
  3. When citing the same source more than once, reuse the original endnote number but include the specific page you are making reference to. 例如,
    阿特沃特13 reported that the alcohol consumption of college students decreased in their senior year which supported Abbott's3(p33) 和Orsborn14 早期的发现.
  4. 的文章, capitalize only the first letter of the first word, proper names and abbreviations that always appear in caps.
  5. 其他标题, capitalize the first letter of the every word that isn't an article, preposition or less than 3 letters.

For additional help, refer to the American Medical Association Manual of Style: A Guide 为 Authors and Editors, which can be found in the Reference Collection at REF R119.A533 2007.

书

Citations 为 books, chapters in books, etc. should include the following basic in为mation. If the source does not have one of these elements, skip it.

  • Authors' last name followed by his/her first and middle initials
  • 章标题
  • Last name and first and middle initials of book authors or editors (or translator, if any)
  • Title of book and subtitle, if any
  • 卷号 and volume title, when there is more than 1 volume
  • Edition (do not indicate 1st)
  • 出版地点
  • 出版商
  • 版权年份
  • 页码, when specific pages are cited

Each element is followed by a period.

  1. 科恩我. How Many People Can the Earth Support?. 纽约:W.W. Norton; 1995.
  2. 麦克尔罗伊WD. Biomedical Aspects of Population Control. In: Leisner RS, Kormondy EJ, eds. 人口与粮食. 1卷. 迪比克，伊利诺斯州:W.C. 布朗公司.; 1991:11-15.
  3. Telemedicine Resource Center. Face to Face: Interactive Television in Health Care. Iowa City: Telemedicine Resource Center. The University of Iowa; 1997.

文章

Citations 为 journal articles should include the following basic in为mation. If the article does not have one of these elements, skip it.

  • Authors' last names and initials
  • Title of article and subtitle (if any)
  • Abbreviated name of journal
  • 一年
  • 卷号
  • Part or supplement number (if it would help to find the journal article gain), issue month or number when there are sequential page numbers
  • 页码

Each element is followed by a period.

  1. 灰色C. One-stop care at breast centre another sign of patients' increasing influence. 医疗协会. 1997;157:1419-20.
  2. 英里D. Breast cancer tumour vaccines. 癌症治疗指南. 16 1997; 23 (5): s77 - 85.
  3. Alcohol most common `date-rape' drug: Study. 酒精中毒的报告. 1998年3月,26:6-8.
  4. Waldman TL, Silber DE, Karp SA, Holmstrom RW. The adult personality of childhood incest victims. 心理上的报告. 1997;80:675-680.

互联网资源

Citations to Internet sources aren't as rigid as those surrounding books and articles. If you have doubts about what to include, usually the quick rule is "more is better". Important elements to include are:

  • Author(s)' last name and first and middle initials (if known)
  • 文章/网页名称
  • If it is an abstract, note in [brackets] - OR
  • Name of journal, if appropriate, with a (连续在线) notation, followed by year;volume:pages
  • Phrase "Available at:" and the URL of the page
  • Phrase "Accessed" and the date you looked at it

Each element is followed by a period.

  1. 德国汉高J. Testicular Cancer: Survival High with Early Treatment. FDA消费者杂志 (连续在线). 1996年1 - 2月刊. 可在:http://www.食品及药物管理局.gov / 食品及药物管理局c /功能/ 196 _t.html. 于1998年8月31日发布.
  2. 萨尔瓦多年代. Study links lupus to Epstein Barr virus. (美国有线电视新闻网网站). 一九九七年十二月十五日. 可在:http://cnn.com/HEALTH/9712/15/lupus.发现/. 于1998年8月31日发布.
  3. Chabner E, Nixon A, Gelman R, et al. Family history and treatment outcome in young women after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy 为 early-stage breast cancer [abstract]. Journal of Clinical Oncology (连续在线). 1998;16:2045-2051. 可在:http://www.jcojournal.org/abs16_6/v16n6p2045.html. 于1998年8月31日发布.

For additional help, refer to the American Medical Association Manual of Style: A Guide 为 Authors and Editors, which can be found at the Reference Desk.